Vlastnosti barev (základní, bezpečné, pojmenované, černobílé). Vliv formátu, počtu barev a rastrování na velikost a kvalitu obrázku. Spektrum a Konvertor barev:
Obsah
HTML specifikace 4.01^ definuje pouze 16 základních barev^:
Black #000000 #000 rgb^(0,0,0) hsl^(0,0%,0%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,100%) | Gray #808080 rgb^(128,128,128) hsl^(0,0%,50%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,50%) | Silver #C0C0C0 rgb^(192,192,192) hsl^(0,0%,75%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,25%) | White #FFFFFF #FFF rgb^(255,255,255) hsl^(0,0%,100%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,0%) |
Maroon #800000 rgb^(128,0,0) hsl^(0,100%,25%) cmyk^(0%,100%,100%,50%) | Red #FF0000 #F00 rgb^(255,0,0) hsl^(0,100%,50%) cmyk^(0%,100%,100%,0%) | Olive #808000 rgb^(128,128,0) hsl^(60,100%,25%) cmyk^(0%,0%,100%,50%) | Yellow #FFFF00 #FF0 rgb^(255,255,0) hsl^(60,100%,50%) cmyk^(0%,0%,100%,0%) |
Green #008000 rgb^(0,128,0) hsl^(120,100%,25%) cmyk^(100%,0%,100%,50%) | Lime #00FF00 #0F0 rgb^(0,255,0) hsl^(120,100%,50%) cmyk^(100%,0%,100%,0%) | Teal #008080 rgb^(0,128,128) hsl^(180,100%,25%) cmyk^(100%,0%,0%,50%) | Aqua, Cyan #00FFFF #0FF rgb^(0,255,255) hsl^(180,100%,50%) cmyk^(100%,0%,0%,0%) |
Navy #000080 rgb^(0,0,128) hsl^(240,100%,25%) cmyk^(100%,100%,0%,50%) | Blue #0000FF #00F rgb^(0,0,255) hsl^(240,100%,50%) cmyk^(100%,100%,0%,0%) | Purple #800080 rgb^(128,0,128) hsl^(300,100%,25%) cmyk^(0%,100%,0%,50%) | Fuchsia, Magenta #FF00FF #F0F rgb^(255,0,255) hsl^(300,100%,50%) cmyk^(0%,100%,0%,0%) |
Bezpečné barvy^ se používají v případě, chceme-li je na všech zařízeních zobrazit vždy stejně věrně.
Lze je zapsat redukovaným způsobem pouze pomocí 3 znaků, přičemž každý znak musí být dělitelný třemi. Redukovaným způsobem lze zapsat ještě 3 880 dalších barev (celkem tedy 4 096 barev), ale tyto barvy již nejsou bezpečné. V dnešní době (vzhledem k zobrazovacím možnostem obrazovek), již nemají takový význam.
#000 #000 | #003 #003 | #006 #006 | #009 #009 | #00C #00C | #00F #00F | #030 #030 | #033 #033 | #036 #036 | #039 #039 | #03C #03C | #03F #03F | #060 #060 | #063 #063 | #066 #066 | #069 #069 | #06C #06C | #06F #06F | #090 #090 | #093 #093 | #096 #096 | #099 #099 | #09C #09C | #09F #09F |
#0C0 #0C0 | #0C3 #0C3 | #0C6 #0C6 | #0C9 #0C9 | #0CC #0CC | #0CF #0CF | #0F0 #0F0 | #0F3 #0F3 | #0F6 #0F6 | #0F9 #0F9 | #0FC #0FC | #0FF #0FF | #300 #300 | #303 #303 | #306 #306 | #309 #309 | #30C #30C | #30F #30F | #330 #330 | #333 #333 | #336 #336 | #339 #339 | #33C #33C | #33F #33F |
#360 #360 | #363 #363 | #366 #366 | #369 #369 | #36C #36C | #36F #36F | #390 #390 | #393 #393 | #396 #396 | #399 #399 | #39C #39C | #39F #39F | #3C0 #3C0 | #3C3 #3C3 | #3C6 #3C6 | #3C9 #3C9 | #3CC #3CC | #3CF #3CF | #3F0 #3F0 | #3F3 #3F3 | #3F6 #3F6 | #3F9 #3F9 | #3FC #3FC | #3FF #3FF |
#600 #600 | #603 #603 | #606 #606 | #609 #609 | #60C #60C | #60F #60F | #630 #630 | #633 #633 | #636 #636 | #639 #639 | #63C #63C | #63F #63F | #660 #660 | #663 #663 | #666 #666 | #669 #669 | #66C #66C | #66F #66F | #690 #690 | #693 #693 | #696 #696 | #699 #699 | #69C #69C | #69F #69F |
#6C0 #6C0 | #6C3 #6C3 | #6C6 #6C6 | #6C9 #6C9 | #6CC #6CC | #6CF #6CF | #6F0 #6F0 | #6F3 #6F3 | #6F6 #6F6 | #6F9 #6F9 | #6FC #6FC | #6FF #6FF | #900 #900 | #903 #903 | #906 #906 | #909 #909 | #90C #90C | #90F #90F | #930 #930 | #933 #933 | #936 #936 | #939 #939 | #93C #93C | #93F #93F |
#960 #960 | #963 #963 | #966 #966 | #969 #969 | #96C #96C | #96F #96F | #990 #990 | #993 #993 | #996 #996 | #999 #999 | #99C #99C | #99F #99F | #9C0 #9C0 | #9C3 #9C3 | #9C6 #9C6 | #9C9 #9C9 | #9CC #9CC | #9CF #9CF | #9F0 #9F0 | #9F3 #9F3 | #9F6 #9F6 | #9F9 #9F9 | #9FC #9FC | #9FF #9FF |
#C00 #C00 | #C03 #C03 | #C06 #C06 | #C09 #C09 | #C0C #C0C | #C0F #C0F | #C30 #C30 | #C33 #C33 | #C36 #C36 | #C39 #C39 | #C3C #C3C | #C3F #C3F | #C60 #C60 | #C63 #C63 | #C66 #C66 | #C69 #C69 | #C6C #C6C | #C6F #C6F | #C90 #C90 | #C93 #C93 | #C96 #C96 | #C99 #C99 | #C9C #C9C | #C9F #C9F |
#CC0 #CC0 | #CC3 #CC3 | #CC6 #CC6 | #CC9 #CC9 | #CCC #CCC | #CCF #CCF | #CF0 #CF0 | #CF3 #CF3 | #CF6 #CF6 | #CF9 #CF9 | #CFC #CFC | #CFF #CFF | #F00 #F00 | #F03 #F03 | #F06 #F06 | #F09 #F09 | #F0C #F0C | #F0F #F0F | #F30 #F30 | #F33 #F33 | #F36 #F36 | #F39 #F39 | #F3C #F3C | #F3F #F3F |
#F60 #F60 | #F63 #F63 | #F66 #F66 | #F69 #F69 | #F6C #F6C | #F6F #F6F | #F90 #F90 | #F93 #F93 | #F96 #F96 | #F99 #F99 | #F9C #F9C | #F9F #F9F | #FC0 #FC0 | #FC3 #FC3 | #FC6 #FC6 | #FC9 #FC9 | #FCC #FCC | #FCF #FCF | #FF0 #FF0 | #FF3 #FF3 | #FF6 #FF6 | #FF9 #FF9 | #FFC #FFC | #FFF #FFF |
Jedná se o 16 základních barev včetně 125 dalších. Všimněte si, že tři barvy mají dva názvy:
Black | DimGray, DimGrey | Gray | DarkGray | Silver | LightGray |
Gainsboro | WhiteSmoke | White | RosyBrown | IndianRed | Brown |
Firebrick | LightCoral | Maroon | DarkRed | Red | Snow |
Salmon | MistyRose | Tomato | DarkSalmon | OrangeRed | Coral |
LightSalmon | Sienna | Chocolate | SaddleBrown | Seashell | SandyBrown |
PeachPuff | Peru | Linen | DarkOrange | Bisque | Tan |
BurlyWood | AntiqueWhite | NavajoWhite | BlanchedAlmond | PapayaWhip | Moccasin |
Wheat | OldLace | Orange | FloralWhite | Goldenrod | DarkGoldenrod |
Cornsilk | Gold | Khaki | LemonChiffon | PaleGoldenrod | DarkKhaki |
Beige | LightGoldenrodYellow | Olive | Yellow | LightYellow | Ivory |
OliveDrab | YellowGreen | DarkOliveGreen | GreenYellow | LawnGreen | Chartreuse |
DarkSeaGreen | ForestGreen | LimeGreen | LightGreen | PaleGreen | DarkGreen |
Green | Lime | Honeydew | SeaGreen | MediumSeaGreen | SpringGreen |
MintCream | MediumSpringGreen | MediumAquamarine | Aquamarine | Turquoise | LightSeaGreen |
MediumTurquoise | DarkSlateGray | PaleTurquoise | Teal | DarkCyan | Aqua, Cyan |
LightCyan | Azure | DarkTurquoise | CadetBlue | PowderBlue | LightBlue |
DeepSkyBlue | SkyBlue | LightSkyBlue | SteelBlue | AliceBlue | SlateGray |
LightSlateGray | DodgerBlue | LightSteelBlue | CornflowerBlue | RoyalBlue | MidnightBlue |
Lavender | Navy | DarkBlue | MediumBlue | Blue | GhostWhite |
DarkSlateBlue | SlateBlue | MediumSlateBlue | MediumPurple | RebeccaPurple | BlueViolet |
Indigo | DarkOrchid | DarkViolet | MediumOrchid | Thistle | Plum |
Violet | Purple | DarkMagenta | Fuchsia, Magenta | Orchid | MediumVioletRed |
DeepPink | HotPink | PaleVioletRed | LavenderBlush | Crimson | Pink |
LightPink |
Tyto barvy jsou tvořeny pouze černou barvou, bílou barvou a jejich odstíny (je jich celkem 256). Barvené palety vytvořené na těchto barvách mají obvykle 2n různých odstínů šedé, kde n je počet bitů potřebných k reprezentaci jediného pixelu. Černobílé barvy jsou podmonožinou monochromatických barev (tj. barev založených na odstínech jedné barevné složky př.: černobílé, zelenobílé, červenočerné ap.). V této sekci se však budeme věnovat pouze černobílým (ČB) barevným paletám:
Dvoubarevná (2 barvy / 1 bitová) ČB paleta:
Black #000000 #000 rgb^(0,0,0) hsl^(0,0%,0%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,100%) | White #FFFFFF #FFF rgb^(255,255,255) hsl^(0,0%,100%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,0%) |
Čtyřbarevná (4 barvy / 2 bitová) ČB paleta:
Black #000000 #000 rgb^(0,0,0) hsl^(0,0%,0%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,100%) | #555555 #555 rgb^(85,85,85) hsl^(0,0%,33%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,67%) | #AAAAAA #AAA rgb^(170,170,170) hsl^(0,0%,67%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,33%) | White #FFFFFF #FFF rgb^(255,255,255) hsl^(0,0%,100%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,0%) |
Šestnáctibarevná (16 barev / 4 bitová) ČB paleta:
Black #000000 #000 rgb^(0,0,0) hsl^(0,0%,0%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,100%) | #111111 #111 rgb^(17,17,17) hsl^(0,0%,7%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,93%) | #222222 #222 rgb^(34,34,34) hsl^(0,0%,13%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,87%) | #333333 #333 rgb^(51,51,51) hsl^(0,0%,20%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,80%) |
#444444 #444 rgb^(68,68,68) hsl^(0,0%,27%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,73%) | #555555 #555 rgb^(85,85,85) hsl^(0,0%,33%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,67%) | #666666 #666 rgb^(102,102,102) hsl^(0,0%,40%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,60%) | #777777 #777 rgb^(119,119,119) hsl^(0,0%,47%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,53%) |
#888888 #888 rgb^(136,136,136) hsl^(0,0%,54%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,46%) | #999999 #999 rgb^(153,153,153) hsl^(0,0%,60%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,40%) | #AAAAAA #AAA rgb^(170,170,170) hsl^(0,0%,67%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,33%) | #BBBBBB #BBB rgb^(187,187,187) hsl^(0,0%,73%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,27%) |
#CCCCCC #CCC rgb^(204,204,204) hsl^(0,0%,80%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,20%) | #DDDDDD #DDD rgb^(221,221,221) hsl^(0,0%,87%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,13%) | #EEEEEE #EEE rgb^(238,238,238) hsl^(0,0%,93%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,7%) | White #FFFFFF #FFF rgb^(255,255,255) hsl^(0,0%,100%) cmyk^(0%,0%,0%,0%) |
Dvěstěpadesátišestibarevná (256 barev / 8 bitová) ČB paleta:
#000000 | #010101 | #020202 | #030303 | #040404 | #050505 | #060606 | #070707 | #080808 | #090909 | #0A0A0A | #0B0B0B | #0C0C0C | #0D0D0D | #0E0E0E | #0F0F0F |
#101010 | #111111 | #121212 | #131313 | #141414 | #151515 | #161616 | #171717 | #181818 | #191919 | #1A1A1A | #1B1B1B | #1C1C1C | #1D1D1D | #1E1E1E | #1F1F1F |
#202020 | #212121 | #222222 | #232323 | #242424 | #252525 | #262626 | #272727 | #282828 | #292929 | #2A2A2A | #2B2B2B | #2C2C2C | #2D2D2D | #2E2E2E | #2F2F2F |
#303030 | #313131 | #323232 | #333333 | #343434 | #353535 | #363636 | #373737 | #383838 | #393939 | #3A3A3A | #3B3B3B | #3C3C3C | #3D3D3D | #3E3E3E | #3F3F3F |
#404040 | #414141 | #424242 | #434343 | #444444 | #454545 | #464646 | #474747 | #484848 | #494949 | #4A4A4A | #4B4B4B | #4C4C4C | #4D4D4D | #4E4E4E | #4F4F4F |
#505050 | #515151 | #525252 | #535353 | #545454 | #555555 | #565656 | #575757 | #585858 | #595959 | #5A5A5A | #5B5B5B | #5C5C5C | #5D5D5D | #5E5E5E | #5F5F5F |
#606060 | #616161 | #626262 | #636363 | #646464 | #656565 | #666666 | #676767 | #686868 | #696969 | #6A6A6A | #6B6B6B | #6C6C6C | #6D6D6D | #6E6E6E | #6F6F6F |
#707070 | #717171 | #727272 | #737373 | #747474 | #757575 | #767676 | #777777 | #787878 | #797979 | #7A7A7A | #7B7B7B | #7C7C7C | #7D7D7D | #7E7E7E | #7F7F7F |
#808080 | #818181 | #828282 | #838383 | #848484 | #858585 | #868686 | #878787 | #888888 | #898989 | #8A8A8A | #8B8B8B | #8C8C8C | #8D8D8D | #8E8E8E | #8F8F8F |
#909090 | #919191 | #929292 | #939393 | #949494 | #959595 | #969696 | #979797 | #989898 | #999999 | #9A9A9A | #9B9B9B | #9C9C9C | #9D9D9D | #9E9E9E | #9F9F9F |
#A0A0A0 | #A1A1A1 | #A2A2A2 | #A3A3A3 | #A4A4A4 | #A5A5A5 | #A6A6A6 | #A7A7A7 | #A8A8A8 | #A9A9A9 | #AAAAAA | #ABABAB | #ACACAC | #ADADAD | #AEAEAE | #AFAFAF |
#B0B0B0 | #B1B1B1 | #B2B2B2 | #B3B3B3 | #B4B4B4 | #B5B5B5 | #B6B6B6 | #B7B7B7 | #B8B8B8 | #B9B9B9 | #BABABA | #BBBBBB | #BCBCBC | #BDBDBD | #BEBEBE | #BFBFBF |
#C0C0C0 | #C1C1C1 | #C2C2C2 | #C3C3C3 | #C4C4C4 | #C5C5C5 | #C6C6C6 | #C7C7C7 | #C8C8C8 | #C9C9C9 | #CACACA | #CBCBCB | #CCCCCC | #CDCDCD | #CECECE | #CFCFCF |
#D0D0D0 | #D1D1D1 | #D2D2D2 | #D3D3D3 | #D4D4D4 | #D5D5D5 | #D6D6D6 | #D7D7D7 | #D8D8D8 | #D9D9D9 | #DADADA | #DBDBDB | #DCDCDC | #DDDDDD | #DEDEDE | #DFDFDF |
#E0E0E0 | #E1E1E1 | #E2E2E2 | #E3E3E3 | #E4E4E4 | #E5E5E5 | #E6E6E6 | #E7E7E7 | #E8E8E8 | #E9E9E9 | #EAEAEA | #EBEBEB | #ECECEC | #EDEDED | #EEEEEE | #EFEFEF |
#F0F0F0 | #F1F1F1 | #F2F2F2 | #F3F3F3 | #F4F4F4 | #F5F5F5 | #F6F6F6 | #F7F7F7 | #F8F8F8 | #F9F9F9 | #FAFAFA | #FBFBFB | #FCFCFC | #FDFDFD | #FEFEFE | #FFFFFF |
V následující tabulce je uveden seznam všech základních, bezpečných a pojmenovaných barev s možností řadit barvy podle jejich vlastností:
Jak by vypadalo barevné spektrum tvořené 12 288 barvami můžeme vidět na následujícím obrázku: